Dr. William P. Bozeman, also of Wake Forest Baptist, conducted the world's first large, independent study of injuries associated with Tasers in 2009. He concluded, "Tasers have been proven to reduce the risk of injury in both suspects and officers and have prevented far more injuries and deaths than they have produced. While no tool is risk free, Tasers are clearly safer than alternate force options available to law enforcement officers such as batons, hand-to-hand combat and firearms, and the appropriate use of Tasers by police officers should be supported."